Saturday, 12 August 2017

Conflict and Peace



                                                              Conflict and Peace
It was interesting to read a prediction by a mystic who claims to have accurately foretold Donald Trump's presidency that the exact date for the start of World War III will be any time between May 13 and October 13, 2017. Whether this prediction will come true is a million dollar question! The way Trump has been tweeting and tooting his own trumpet makes it a close possibility. North Korea is challenging the military might of US and US is retaliating with threat that says  “better get  your act together or you are going to be in trouble like few nations ever have been in … trouble”. Whether North Korea’s  announcement of a detailed plan to launch missiles aimed at the waters off the coast of US Pacific territory of Guam is bluster and bombast, the truth is,  it is trying to get Trumpet’s goat and has succeeded as Trump’s incendiary remarks of fire and fury testify. We have in our own backyard the Chinese with their atavistic nationalism currently engaged in psychological war with India with frequent threat of military conflict  issued through its media if India does not withdraw its troops from Doklam. It almost commands obedience from India saying “there cannot be two Suns in the sky” and “one mountain cannot accommodate two tigers”. We have on our Western border a perpetual threat from Pakistan with the possible danger of a maniac pressing the nuclear button any time.. The ISIS has been running amok seeking total surrender of the world to the rule of its Caliphate. The only silver lining amidst this war cry is everyone is afraid of the weapons of mass destruction and no one really wants a war except for those few hawks who live by the sword and do not expect to perish by it. The majority of population all over the world wish to live in peace, but powerless to stop the sabre- rattlers whose aggression and intimidation, complemented by jingoistic nationalistic  fervor and religious fanaticism  pose the biggest threat for the survival of humanity.
No one wants war, but ironically human beings are forever wired up for fight. What we see, what we hear and what we read testify to the fact that fight is in our DNA and without fight, life seems an empty drag. We are perpetually in a conflict zone with fellow beings as our fighting gene is buttressed by our personal ego and self importance. Everyone wants his/her word as the last word and brooks no opposition to it. In recent times we do not stop with verbal duel or with coming to blows, but we take the next step towards manslaughter or homicide. The first two pages of any newspaper that deals with city news is full of  murder most foul, revenge killing, road rage and  obnoxious sexual assault and ravishment of the opposite sex . Conflict has moved farther towards brutal violence and heinous crimes.

Conflict engagement is a genetic trait of the human race. No workplace is without a conflict. No home is without a conflict. No debate in Parliament or on television and watched by millions, is without a conflict. But all these conflicts stop with verbal duels rarely descending to physical skirmishes and murders. We see partisan news anchors jumping onto the debates,  shouting and screaming at the participants who are not on the side of the establishment. In India, barring a couple of knowledgeable and balanced interviewers like  Karan Thapar and  Ravish Kumar, a majority of the anchors are arrogant, uncivil, with bloated ego as though they are omniscient and omnipotent to heckle and dismiss views that are in opposition to what they assert (or told to assert by the  owners of the TV channels) . They will be on the channel enrollment as long as they echo their political master’s voice. One is astounded to see the participants belonging to the opposition camp subjected to the insults heaped on them by the anchors who are barely in their late thirties but holding forth on all issues in a hectoring voice.  If these anchors are so seemingly knowledgeable and wise, they should have been in the Indian Administrative or Indian Judicial Service.  I suspect they must be paid humungous salaries to sit in air conditioned comfort with the sole task of heaping quotidian dosage of insults on their guests who come from the opposition benches. I am also sure the victims- who are ready to stick out their neck to be guillotined, must be paid equally large fees to receive daily these insults from young anchors. The conflict often reaches verbal crescendo that ends with a cacophony of sounds that deafen our ears.
We have arrived at a stage when we yearn for peace and quietness in our homes wanting the TV channels to observe a modicum of propriety and  engage people in  intelligent and healthy debates.  I distinctly recall my professors five decades back, who taught us by their gentle and polite responses how to differ and accommodate divergent views. One of the memorable phrases used by them was “yes, maybe, you are right. But this is how I see….” and thereby give the students the probability of being right. I have never heard any professor assert:  “No, what you say is wrong”. I experienced the same broad mindedness in foreign universities, when senior professors were open to views of students coming from a different background and different culture. They were not tolerant which premises a certain degree of superiority, but they were willing to see some truth in the student’s perception. This is what Goethe wrote : “Tolerance should really be only a temporary attitude; it must lead to recognition"
I thought about the change in our behaviour and speech, turning us from being an argumentative Indian to becoming an assertive Indian. Accommodation, adjustment and adaption – the cardinal three ‘A’s have been replaced by intolerance, inflexibility and  inexorablity- the three  ‘I’s  which stem from the egotistic  fourth  ‘I’. This is why the number of divorces is on the increase today as the three’A’s have been overshadowed  by the three  ‘I’s which,  in turn, are subsumed by the  egoistic ‘I’ .  It is ironical that today sons and daughters celebrate the golden jubilee or silver jubilee of their parents’ wedding anniversary but stay single with failed marriage. The tragic news of a young IAS officer committing suicide due to constant feud between his wife and mother is a devastating example of maladjustment and inflexibility between two persons.  In fact marriage is the best institution to educate young men and women to cultivate the three ‘A’s and accept responsibility for the success of their marriage and family togetherness.  But unfortunately, marriage is now more of an experiment as young people ,forever  in search of personal independence, enter wedlock with the idea that if it does not work there is the option of walking out. The sanctity of marriage has been reduced to getting a license for sexual union and therefore does not go beyond it.  Similarly in the political arena in India in particular and in general, true of the entire world, the conflict is intense between the right and the left and both unyielding to accommodate the positives on either side. In India, the bitter conflict is seen in rewriting history and taking license with facts, just because the left historians all these years had failed to give any leeway to the rightist’s point of view. The insistence on unilateral view – right or left deprives the young minds of an objective and analytical understanding of history or for that matter of any theory or ideology.
Conflict, thy name is Man( used in the generic sense to include woman). But let that conflict remain true to our Indian trait of being an argumentative Indian, an apt phrase coined  by Nobel Laureate  Amartya Sen.  Central to his notion of India, as the title suggests, is the long tradition of argument and public debate, of intellectual pluralism and generosity that informs India's history. Professor Sen illustrates his concept of the argumentative Indian with  examples from the teachings and lives of Indian emperors like Akbar and Ashoka and from the epics, The Ramayana and the Mahabharata. He speaks of as an inclusive philosophy rather than an exclusionist, divisive religion. This is the correct view of Hinduism, mature and magnanimous to accommodate dissenting views and 'even profound scepticism'. This is a “capacious view of a broad and generous Hinduism, which contrasts sharply with the narrow and bellicose versions that are currently on offer, led particularly by parts of the Hindutva movement”.
 We may not be able to stop Trump’s bellicose cry nor China’s war hysteria. We cannot stop ISIS in its destructive killings. We cannot find a permanent solution to Pakistan’s vengeful attacks on India  nor to Afghanistan’s continuous misery in its fight against Taliban. It is a pity we have more hawks as leaders today and very few peaceniks among them who prefer negotiations to armed conflict with other nations.
If our principles and faith in democracy are genuine, then it is the duty of all Indians to explore the possibility of people to people relationship that can restore sanity from hysterical war mongering. One Trump cannot and does not destroy the world with war hysteria, one Osama or one Hafeez Saeed cannot win a proxy war. The world does not depend on Trumps and Hafees Saeeds to survive.  We were fortunate to be inspired by  Mahatma Gandhi to look at our neighbours with malice towards none and love towards all. Though Gandhiji is no longer there and no new Gandhi has emerged, we are privileged  to have Gandhi’s lineage that can inspire millions of us  to establish mutual and friendly relationship in terms of trade, exchange of cultural artists, litterateurs, cinema, sports and academic scholars with Pakistan on the Western border, with Bangladesh, Bhutan and Sikkim ,extending to China on the eastern border, with Srilanka and other southeast Asian nations on the southern side and Nepal and Afghanistan on the northern sphere. The spirit of SAARC and the Nehruvian principles of Panchsheel have to be revived to ensure peace at least in the subcontinent. It is time to say ‘No’ to hawks and say ‘Yes’ to doves.
But what is more important is to set our home in order.  The present divisiveness and political acrimony between the ruling party and the opposition, the bitter polarization between the Leftists and the Rightists, the no holds barred personal attacks  on those who profess and practice a different ideology, the conflicts arising out of different groups trying to ride herd on  each other, the deep schism  between the haves and the have-nots ,besides the carry -over from  the past of social and religious divide- have made deep inroads into our psyche making us forget  the concept of a pluralist India that had shaped the freedom movement. It is essential to restore harmony among the different sections of people and bring an Indian homogeneity through the heterogeneity that has always  been the strength of India and which was evidenced duringthe Independence struggle.
India can show the way. The sankalp or the oath that Prime Minister Modi has asked Indians to take on the 70th anniversary of independence should be to restore the three  ‘A’s in our scheme of things and seek peace with neighbours through a recognition of the basic human instincts of empathy and love, friendship and compassion embedded in the genes of every man and woman who belong to the Homo Sapiens race. Can we take a pledge to say ‘No’ to conflict and  ‘Yes’ to peace ?

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